Kalyan: White patches on the face or other areas of the skin can be a source of concern for parents, but they may be caused by a condition known as pityriasis alba. This article aims to shed light on this skin disorder, offering insights into its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options.
What Is Pityriasis Alba?
Pityriasis alba is a common skin disorder that affects approximately 5% of children in the United States. Typically appearing before puberty, between the ages of one and 14, it presents as benign, non-cancerous patches of lighter-colored skin that do not spread or cause harm to other parts of the body.
Symptoms of Pityriasis Alba
Symptoms of pityriasis alba include:
- Lightly colored or white spots on the skin, often found on the cheeks but can also appear on the neck, chest, back, and upper arms.
- Pink or red spots that fade to lighter than usual skin.
- White spots in circular or oval shapes with undefined borders that gradually blend into normally pigmented skin.
- Flaky and itchy patches of skin, particularly noticeable during the drier winter months.
- While the patches themselves are generally not painful, they may cause mild itching.
What Causes Pityriasis Alba?
The exact cause of pityriasis alba remains unknown, but it is believed to be related to other skin conditions. For instance, it may occur as a result of dermatitis healing, leaving behind lighter patches of skin. Additionally, overuse of topical corticosteroids in treating eczema can lead to areas of patchy rash lightening as they heal. Genetic disorders affecting melanocyte activity, the cells responsible for producing the skin pigment melanin, may also contribute to cutaneous hypopigmentation.
Diagnosis and Differentiation
Diagnosing pityriasis alba typically involves a physical examination by a healthcare provider. Differential diagnosis may be required to distinguish it from other skin conditions like tinea versicolor or vitiligo. Tests such as a Wood's lamp examination or potassium hydroxide (KOH) test may be conducted to rule out fungal infections or autoimmune diseases.
Treatment Options
While pityriasis alba often resolves on its own, treatment options are available to alleviate symptoms and speed up healing, particularly if the affected individual is self-conscious about their skin. These may include:
- Moisturizers containing ingredients like petrolatum, mineral oil, squalane, or dimethicone to soften the skin and reduce scaliness.
- Over-the-counter hydrocortisone cream for itchiness, used sparingly and under medical supervision.
- Topical calcineurin inhibitors like pimecrolimus or tacrolimus for more severe cases, especially when hydrocortisone is not suitable.
- It is essential to consult a healthcare provider for personalized treatment recommendations, especially when children are involved.
In conclusion, while pityriasis alba can be concerning for parents, it is generally a benign condition that resolves over time. With appropriate care and management, affected individuals can find relief from symptoms and achieve clearer, healthier-looking skin.
(An Expert Opinion By: Dr. Harshal Ashok Pawar, MD (AM), DNYS, DYA, Registered Acupuncturist - AAI NATURE CURE, Office No.3, First Floor, Mega Silver, Chikanghar, Kalyan (West) -421301, Maharashtra, India., Contact No. +91-8097148638, Website: https://aphinfo.com/aai-nature-cure/)